Yen and Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology - E-Book : Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management
Yen and Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology - E-Book : Physiology, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Management
Elsevier 2023/06
テキストの言語: ENG 出版国:
ISBN： 9780323810074
eISBN: 9780323810081
ProductID : 7231621
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Annotation
For over 40 years, Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology has been the gold standard text of both basic science and clinical practice of the full range of female and male reproductive disorders.
Full Description
For over 40 years, Yen & Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology has been the gold standard text of both basic science and clinical practice of the full range of female and male reproductive disorders. The fully revised 9th Edition continues this tradition of excellence with complete coverage, including up-to-date information on impaired fertility, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, problems of sexual development, menstrual disturbances, fibroids, endometriosis, female and male reproductive aging, fertility preservation, assisted reproduction technologies including ovarian stimulation and ovulation induction, transgender hormonal treatment, contraception, and more. An outstanding editorial board and other global experts in the field share their knowledge and expertise to keep you abreast of current science and practice in endocrinology.- Includes new chapters on Meiosis, Fertilization and Embryo Development; Recurrent Pregnancy Loss; Uterus Transplantation; Mitochondrial Transplantation and Gene Editing; and Germs Cells Developed In Vitro.- Provides extensively revised information on contemporary practices in assisted reproduction, fertility preservation, and ovulation induction.- Provides an online video library that highlights surgical procedures, diagnostic imaging, and functional ultrasound imaging.- Adds three new members to the exceptional editorial team: Drs. Anuja Dokras, Carmen J. Williams, and Zev Williams.- Features full-color, high-quality illustrations that clearly depict basic anatomic structures, endocrine processes, and cell function and dysfunction.- Includes bulleted lists under major headings in each chapter for quick, at-a-glance summaries of every section.- Lists Top References at the end of each chapter that distill the most important references for research underpinnings, to complement the complete online reference list.- An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.
Table of Contents
Front Cover;IFC;Half Title;Yen & Jaffe’s REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY;Copyright;Contributors;Preface;Dedication;Contents;Video Contents;1 - The Fundamentals of Reproduction;1 - Neuroendocrinology of Reproduction;NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: THE INTERFACE BETWEEN NEUROBIOLOGY AND ENDOCRINOLOGY;Anatomy of the Reproductive Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis;Hypothalamus;Median Eminence;Hypophyseal Portal Circulation;Pituitary Gland (Hypophysis);Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone: The Final Common Pathway for the Central Control of Reproduction;Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Structure;Anatomy of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone-Secreting Neurons;Embryologic Development of the Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Network;Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neuronal Firing and Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion;Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Stimulation of Gonadotrope Cells;Neuronal Inputs Into Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Neurons;Kisspeptin;Neurokinin B;Endogenous Opioid Peptides;Kisspeptin, Neurokinin B, Dynorphin (KNDy) Neurons;Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone and RFamide-Related Peptides;Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Pulse Generator;Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion During Development and in Adulthood;Physiologic Development of Reproductive Neuroendocrine Function;Patterns of Pulsatile Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion in Adults;Feedback Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Gonadotropin Secretion;Negative Feedback Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Gonadotropin Secretion in Women;Positive Feedback and the Mid-Cycle Gonadotropin Surge;Negative Feedback Regulation of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Gonadotropin Secretion in Men;Kisspeptin and KNDy Neurons as Mediators of Sex Steroid Feedback on Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Secretion;Selective Regulation of Pituitary Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion;Reproductive Neuroendocrine Adaptations in Settings of Reduced Energy Availability, Stress, and Lactation;Interface Between Reproductive Neuroendocrine Function and Energy Availability;Impact of Stress on Reproductive Neuroendocrine Function;Lactation and Reproductive Neuroendocrine Function;Sleep;Pheromones;2. The Gonadotropin Hormones and Their Receptors1;Protein Structural Attributes;Glycosylation;Folding and Assembly;Gonadotropin Structure-Function Studies;Site-Directed Mutagenesis;Protein Engineering;Gonadotropin Genes and Transcripts;Gonadotropin Subunit Genes;Gonadotropin Subunit Transcripts;Naturally Occurring Mutations;Polymorphisms;Gonadotropin Expression and Secretion;Transcriptional Regulation;Posttranslational Regulation (Glycosylation);Regulation of Secretion;Gonadotropin Clinical Significance;Pathophysiological Expression;Diagnostic Applications;Therapeutic Preparations;GONADOTROPIN RECEPTORS;The Extracellular Domain;The Extracellular Loops (EL);The Transmembrane Domains;The Carboxyl-Terminus (Ctail);Gonadotropin Receptor Gene Expression and Regulation;Genes;Transcriptional Regulation;Transcripts;Posttranscriptional Regulation;Folding, Maturation, and Intracellular Trafficking;Extragonadal Expression;Oligomerization;Gonadotropin Receptor Signaling Pathways;Canonical Pathways, New Pathways, and Adapter Proteins;Biased Agonism;Gonadotropin Receptor Clinical Significance;Naturally Occurring Mutations;Polymorphisms of the Gonadotropin Receptor Genes;Homologous Receptors;Low Molecular Weight Gonadotropin Receptor Agonists and Antagonists;3. Prolactin in Human Reproduction;INTRODUCTION;LACTOTROPH DEVELOPMENT;PROLACTIN GENE;PROLACTIN SYNTHESIS IN PITUITARY LACTOTROPHS;PROLACTIN SYNTHESIS IN THE DECIDUA AND OTHER TISSUES;PROLACTIN ASSAYS;Hook Effect;Macroprolactin;Heterophilic Antibodies;Exogenous Biotin;PROLACTIN SECRETION;Changes in Prolactin Levels With Age;Prolactin Levels During Physiologic Stress;Prolactin Levels During the Menstrual Cycle, Pregnancy, and the Postpartum State;REGULATION OF SYSTEMIC PROLACTIN LEVELS;Prolactin Inhibitory Factors;Prolactin-Releasing Factors;Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone;Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Peptide Histidine Methionine;Serotonin;Opioids;Other Neuropeptides and Neurotransmitters;PROLACTIN ACTIONS;Prolactin Receptor;Prolactin Effects on the Breast;Prolactin Effects on Gonadotropin Secretion;Prolactin Effects on the Ovary;Prolactin Effects on the Testis;Prolactin Effects on the Adrenal Cortex;Prolactin and the Skeleton;PATHOLOGICAL STATES OF PROLACTIN DEFICIENCY AND EXCESS;Prolactin Deficiency;Hyperprolactinemia: Causes;Physiological;Medications;Pituitary;Systemic;Prolactin Receptor Gene Mutations;Idiopathic;Hyperprolactinemia: Diagnosis;PROLACTIN-SECRETING PITUITARY ADENOMAS (PROLACTINOMAS);Epidemiology and Natural History;Pathogenesis;Pathology;Clinical Manifestations;Medical Therapy;Surgery;Other Treatment Modalities (Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy);PREGNANCY AND PROLACTINOMAS;Prolactin-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas During Preconception and Pregnancy;Effects of Dopamine Agonists During Preconception and Pregnancy;Management of Patients With Prolactinomas During Preconception and Pregnancy;4. Steroid Hormones and Other Lipid Molecules Involved in Human Reproduction;STEROID HORMONES: STRUCTURE AND NOMENCLATURE;ORGANIZATION OF STEROIDOGENIC ORGANS AND CELLS;ACQUISITION, STORAGE, AND TRAFFICKING OF CHOLESTEROL;REGULATION OF CELLULAR CHOLESTEROL BALANCE;OVERVIEW OF STEROIDOGENESIS;Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme (P450scc Encoded by CYP11A1);17α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase (P450c17; CYP17A1);Aromatase (P450aro, CYP19A1);11β-Hydroxylases (P450c11β and P450c11AS);21-Hydroxylase (P450c21,CYP21A2);Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases and Reductases;3β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ5-4-Isomerases;11β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Key Regulators of the Activity of Glucocorticoids;17β-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases: Multiple Enzymes with Specific Biosynthetic and Catabolic Roles;3α- and 20α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activities;Δ4-5-Reductases;5α-Reductases;Sulfotransferases;Steroid Sulfatase;UDP-Glucuronosyl Transferases;OTHER STEROID HORMONE METABOLIC PATHWAYS;An Alternative Pathway for Androgen Synthesis;11-Oxyandrogens;Estradiol Metabolites;Steroid Fatty Acid Esters;Steroid 7α-Hydroxylation;B-Ring Unsaturated Steroids;VITAMIN D SYNTHESIS AND METABOLISM;REGULATION OF EXPRESSION OF THE STEROIDOGENIC MACHINERY;EXAMPLES OF EXTRAGLANDULAR STEROIDOGENESIS;Synthesis of Neurosteroids;STEROID HORMONE METABOLISM IN SKIN;SECRETION, PRODUCTION, AND METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATES OF STEROID HORMONES;PLASMA STEROID HORMONE-BINDING PROTEINS;INHIBITORS OF ENZYMES INVOLVED IN SYNTHESIS OR METABOLISM OF SEX STEROIDS;Inhibitors of CYP11A1;CYP17A1 Inhibitors;CYP11B1 Inhibitors;CYP19A1 Inhibitors;5α-reductase Inhibitors;3β−Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ5-4-Isomerase Inhibitors;Other Enzyme Targets for Reducing Sex Steroid Production;EICOSANOIDS: OTHER BIOACTIVE LIPIDS PLAYING A ROLE IN REPRODUCTION;Eicosanoid Structure and Nomenclature;Biosynthesis of Eicosanoids;MAJOR PRODUCTS OF THE COX PATHWAY: PROSTAGLANDINS, THROMBOXANES, AND PROSTACYCLIN;MAJOR PRODUCTS OF THE LIPOXYGENASE PATHWAY: THE LEUKOTRIENES AND HETES;TRANSPORT AND METABOLISM OF EICOSANOIDS;PHARMACOLOGIC REGULATION OF EICOSANOID SYNTHESIS;EICOSANOID RECEPTORS;EICOSANOIDS AND REPRODUCTION;Eicosanoids and Ovulation;Eicosanoids and Corpus Luteum Function and Luteolysis;Eicosanoids and Fertilization, Implantation, and Decidualization;Eicosanoids and Menstruation and Dysmenorrhea;Eicosanoids and Parturition and Preterm Labor;Eicosanoids and Ductus Arteriosus Remodeling;Eicosanoids and Preeclampsia;Eicosanoids in Male Reproduction;OTHER LIPID MEDIATORS: LYSOPHOSPHATIDIC ACID AND SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE;LPA and S1P in Reproductive Function;5. Steroid Hormone Action;STEROID HORMONE RECEPTOR STRUCTURE AND THE EVOLUTION OF SPECIFICITY;STEROID HORMONE RECEPTOR FUNCTION;Estrogen Receptor;Progesterone Receptor;Androgen Receptor;Glucocorticoid Receptor;Mineralocorticoid Receptor;GENERAL FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE STEROID HORMONE ACTION;Hormone Bioavailability;Receptor Expression;Ligand-Bound Changes to Receptor Conformation;Posttranslational Modifications of the Steroid Hormone Receptors;Interaction With DNA;Interaction With Coactivators and Corepressors;Interaction With Other Transcription Factors;Nongenomic Actions of Steroids;Signaling via Second Messenger Cascades;SUMMARY;6. Growth Factors and Reproduction;OVARY DEVELOPMENT;Growth Factors in Primordial Germ Cell Formation and Migration;Ovary Specification;Formation of the Ovarian Reserve;Ovarian Folliculogenesis;Ovarian Follicle Development;Cumulus Expansion and Ovulation;FORMATION OF THE REPRODUCTIVE TRACTS;Regression of the Müllerian Ducts;Müllerian Duct Development;GROWTH FACTORS IN UTERINE BIOLOGY;Regulation of Uterine Receptivity;Embryo Implantation;Regulation of Trophoblast Proliferation, Invasion, and Migration;GROWTH FACTOR PATHWAYS IN MALE REPRODUCTION;CONCLUSION;7. Neuroendocrine Control of the Menstrual Cycle;THE REPRODUCTIVE AXIS;NEUROENDOCRINE COMPONENTS OF THE REPRODUCTIVE AXIS;GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONES;Pulsatile Secretion of GnRH;Neuromodulators of GnRH Secretion;Kisspeptin;Neurokinin B;Endogenous Opioids/Dynorphin;KNDy Neurons;RFamide-Related Peptides;Sleep and Circadian Effects on GnRH Secretion in Women;GONADOTROPIN-PRODUCING CELLS OF THE PITUITARY;Gonadotropn Isoforms;Effect of Obesity;Differential Control of LH and FSH Secretion;Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone;Autocrine/Paracrine Regulation of Gonadotropins: Activin, Inhibin, and Follistatin;Negative Feedback;Progesterone;Inhibin A and Inhibin B;Regulation of Inhibin A and Inhibin B by Gonadotropins. A significant body of data has demonstrated an increase in inhibin B sec...;Evidence for an Endocrine Negative Feedback Role for Inhibin A or Inhibin B. Inhibin was initially discovered based on its abili...;Activin/Follistatin;Gonadotropin Surge Attenuating Factor;Pituitary effect of high levels of estrogen. There is ample evidence that high levels of estrogen augment the pituitary response...;Pituitary effect of progesterone. In GnRH-deficient women receiving pulsatile GnRH with or without progesterone indicate that lo...;Inhibin A augments the effect of high estrogen levels at the pituitary. Inhibin A is elevated in women before ovulation,130,163 ...;Pituitary effects of kisspeptin. An emerging body of data suggests that there may be a pituitary role for kisspeptin in addition...;Species Differences in Hypothalamic Input to the Preovulatory Surge;THE NORMAL MENSTRUAL CYCLE;Clinical Characteristics;Ovarian Feedback and the Dynamics of GnRH Secretion and Pituitary Responsiveness;Follicular Phase;Midcycle Surge;Luteal Phase;Luteal-Follicular Transition;Racial Differences in Menstrual Cycle Dynamics and Fertility;8. The Ovarian Life Cycle;Introduction;Primordial Germ Cells;Ovarian Morphogenesis;Epigenetic Programming and Germ Cell Development;The Follicle and Its Surroundings;Critical Genes Expressed During Oocyte Growth;Oocyte-Derived Factors and the Control of Follicular Growth and Maturation;Growth Differentiation Factor-9;Bone Morphogenetic Protein-15;Granulosa Cells;Intercellular Communication Between Granulosa Cells and the Oocyte;Granulosa Cells and the Convergence of Multiple Signaling Pathways;Granulosa Cell Endocrine Activity;Granulosa Cell Phenotypic Heterogeneity;Theca Cells;Other Steroidogenic Cells in the Ovary;Ovarian Stroma;Ovarian Surface Epithelium;Ovarian Leukocytes and Macrophages;Ovarian Innervation, Neurotrophins, and Tachykinins;Ovarian Stem Cells;Follicular Life Cycle;Follicular Growth;Oocyte Growth;Factors and Pathways Initiating Follicular Growth;Formation of Antral Follicles;Follicular Recruitment, Selection, and Dominance;Endocrine Characteristics of Follicles on the Way to Dominance;Ovulation;Requirements for Progesterone;Requirements for Prostaglandins;Requirement for Epidermal Growth Factor-Like Factors;Mechanisms of Follicular Rupture;Oocyte Maturation;Empty Follicle Syndrome;Atresia;Spontaneous Twinning;Spontaneous Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome;Role of Luteinizing Hormone in the Corpus Luteum;Progesterone as a Luteotropin;Luteolysis;Rescue of the Corpus Luteum in the Cycle of Conception;Luteoma of Pregnancy and Hyperreactio Luteinalis;Ovarian Aging and Insufficiency;Mechanisms of Natural Ovarian Aging;Genetic Loci Influencing the Age at Natural Menopause;Defects in Genes on the X Chromosome and Ovarian Function;Assessment of Ovarian Reserve and Prediction of Reproductive Age;Endocrine Activity of the Postmenopausal Ovary;9. Meiosis, Fertilization, and Preimplantation Embryo Development;INTRODUCTION;MEIOSIS OVERVIEW;MEIOTIC INITIATION;PROPHASE I;OOCYTE GROWTH PHASE;OOCYTE MEIOTIC MATURATION;Prophase I Arrest and Meiotic Resumption;Completion of Meiosis I;Meiosis II;Oocyte Maturation-Associated Changes;SPERM TRANSPORT;Female Reproductive Tract Contributions to Sperm Transport;Sperm Interactions With the Female Reproductive Tract;Cues That Direct Sperm Migration;SPERM CAPACITATION;Sperm Membrane Changes;Sperm Ionic Changes;Competence for Acrosomal Exocytosis;FERTILIZATION;Sperm Penetration of Egg Vestments;Sperm-Egg Adhesion and Fusion;Sperm Incorporation;EGG ACTIVATION;Induction and Regulation of Calcium Oscillations;Calcium-Induced Signaling;Blocks to Polyspermy;Pronucleus Development and Migration;CLEAVAGE STAGE DEVELOPMENT;Reprogramming the Embryo Cytoplasm;Chromatin Reprogramming and Embryonic Genome Activation;COMPACTION AND BLASTOCYST DEVELOPMENT;Compaction;Morula to Blastocyst Transition;Monozygotic Twinning;Formation of Distinct Cell Lineages;Blastocyst Expansion and Hatching;10. Structure, Function, and Evaluation of the Female Reproductive Tract;STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION;Ontogeny of the Uterus;Role of the WNT Family and Homeobox Genes;Steroid Action in the Endometrium;Estrogen Receptor Signaling;Progesterone Receptor Signaling;Paracrine Actions of Steroid Hormones in the Endometrium;Steroid Hormone Metabolism in the Endometrium;MENSTRUAL CYCLE;Late Proliferative Phase;Early Secretory Phase;Midsecretory Phase;Premenstrual and Menstrual Phase;Menstruation;Stem Cells and Telomerase in Endometrial Renewal. Menstruation and cyclic repair of the endometrial lining require both stem cel...;Vascular Remodeling and Angiogenesis. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels from preexisting vessels, rarely occurs w...;Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. The biochemical basis for the dramatic structural changes in the endometrium in the perimenstru...;Vasoactive Substances. The endothelins are a family of potent vasoconstrictors produced by endothelial cells that act on two typ...;Hemostatic and Fibrinolytic Mechanisms. The relative activities of the hemostatic and fibrinolytic systems in the endometrium ar...;Secreted Proteins of the Endometrium;Glycogen;Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding-Protein One;Osteopontin;Prolactin;Endometrial Preparation for Implantation;Early Implantation Events;Growth Factors and Cytokines;Leukemia Inhibitor Factor (LIF) and IL-11;Epidermal Growth Factor Family of Growth Factors;Transforming Growth Factor Beta Family;Other Growth Factors;Human Chorionic Gonadotropin;Prostanoids and Other Lipids;Immunology of the Endometrium;Leukocytes and Lymphocytes;T-Regulatory and TH-17 Cells Regulate Endometrial Receptivity;Uterine Natural Killer Cells;Innate Lymphoid Cells;Regulation of Endometrial Immune Cells;Complement System;Antimicrobial Peptides;ENDOMETRIAL MICROBIOME;CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE ENDOMETRIUM;Endometrial Biopsy;Endometrial Receptivity Biomarkers and Clinical Evaluation;Global Gene Expression Patterns During the Window of Implantation;Inflammatory Conditions and the Endometrium and Reproductive Tract;Adenomyosis;Inflammation and MicroRNAs;Ultrasonography;Sonohysterography;Hysteroscopy;Endometrial Bleeding;ENDOMETRIUM IN ADVANCING AGE;11. Endocrinology of Human Pregnancy and Fetal-Placental Neuroendocrine Development;INTRODUCTION;ESTABLISHMENT OF PREGNANCY;Endometrial Receptivity;Decidualization of the Endometrial